该上位机是由串口和波形显示两部分组成。废话少说先上传上位机的图片如下:
1.串口的配置通过“端口设置”来设置串口的相应参数,“端口检测”用来自动检测当前计算机可用的串口,端口号会显示例如“COM1 、COM2......”的端口号,本上位机最大只设置到COM10。波特率可以配置“1200 2400 4800 9600.......”
“ClrWave ”按键用来清除已画的波形,“ClrData”按键用来清除接收区和发送区的数据。数据发送区和数据接收区用来发送和接收数据;
在Visual Studio 2012 菜单栏点击“文件”>“新建项目”,创建Visual C#下的windows窗体应用程序:
在窗体中上添加5个“GroupBox”控件,分别将窗体分为“端口设置”,“波形显示”,“数据接收区”,“数据发送区”,“当前温度显示”;
添加label控件显示“端口号”,“波特率”;添加若干Button控件;添加若干TextBox控件用来数据的收发;
添加checkBox控件用来设置“自动换行”和“接收换行”;
双击控件可以在程序中添加相应的代码,另外可以使用USB转串口模块来测试,将串口的TX和RX用杜邦线连接,这样串口发出的信息就能被自己接收到了。
布置好控件后如下图:
串口部分的代码如下:
- /*************************************************************************************************************
- 串口配置
- ************************************************************************************************************/
- SerialPort sp = null;
- bool isOpen = false;
- bool isSetProperty = false;
- bool Enter_flag = false;
- bool Rece_flag = false;
- //窗口加载
- private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- this.MaximumSize = this.Size;
- this.MinimumSize = this.Size;
- this.MinimizeBox = false;
- for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
- {
- comboBox1.Items.Add("COM" + Convert.ToString(i + 1));
- }
- comboBox2.Items.Add("1200");
- comboBox2.Items.Add("2400");
- comboBox2.Items.Add("4800");
- comboBox2.Items.Add("9600");
- comboBox2.Items.Add("19200");
- comboBox2.Items.Add("38400");
- comboBox2.Items.Add("43000");
- comboBox2.Items.Add("115200");
- comboBox2.SelectedIndex = 3;
- }
- //设置串口属性
- void SetPortProperty()
- {
- sp = new SerialPort();
- sp.PortName = comboBox1.Text.Trim();
- sp.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(comboBox2.Text.Trim());
- sp.StopBits = StopBits.One;
- sp.Parity = Parity.None;
- sp.DataBits = 8;
- sp.RtsEnable = true;
- sp.ReadTimeout = -1;
- sp.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(sp_DataReceived);
- }
- //接收数据
- private void sp_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
- {
- this.Invoke((EventHandler)(delegate
- {
- try
- {
- float data;
- string str = sp.ReadExisting();
- textBox1.AppendText(str+" ");
- textBox3.Text = str;
- data = Convert.ToSingle(str);
- AddData(data);
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- MessageBox.Show("读数据出错", "错误提示!");
- }
- if (Rece_flag)
- textBox1.Text += "\r\n";
- this.textBox1.Focus();
- this.textBox1.Select(this.textBox1.TextLength, 0);
- this.textBox1.ScrollToCaret();
- sp.DiscardInBuffer();
- }));
- }
- private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- bool comExistence = false;
- comboBox1.Items.Clear();
- for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
- {
- try
- {
- SerialPort sp = new SerialPort("COM" + Convert.ToString(i + 1));
- sp.Open();
- sp.Close();
- comboBox1.Items.Add("COM" + Convert.ToString(i + 1));
- comExistence = true;
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- continue;
- }
- }
- if (comExistence)
- {
- comboBox1.SelectedIndex = 0;
- }
- else
- {
- MessageBox.Show("没有找到可用串口!", "错误提示");
- }
- }
-
- private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- if (isOpen == false)
- {
- if (!isSetProperty)
- {
- isSetProperty = true;
- SetPortProperty();
- }
- try
- {
- sp.Open();
- isOpen = true;
- button1.Enabled = false;
- button2.BackColor = Color.Red;
- button2.Text = "关闭";
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- isSetProperty = false;
- isOpen = false;
- MessageBox.Show("串口无效或已被占用!", "错误提示");
- }
- }
- else
- {
- try
- {
- sp.Close();
- isOpen = false;
- isSetProperty = false;
- button1.Enabled = true;
- button2.BackColor = Color.White;
- button2.Text = "开";
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- MessageBox.Show("串口异常断开!", "错误提示");
- }
- }
- }
- private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- byte[] Data = new byte[1];
- if (isOpen)
- {
-
- try
- {
- byte[] data = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(textBox2.Text);
- sp.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- MessageBox.Show("数据发送是发生错误!", "错误提示");
- return;
- }
-
- if (Enter_flag)
- sp.Write("\r\n");
- }
- else
- {
- MessageBox.Show("串口未打开!", "错误提示");
- return;
- }
- }
- 2.波形的显示
- 初始化参数:
- private const int Unit_length = 50;//单位格大小
- private const int StartPrint = 50;//点坐标偏移量
- private List<float> DataList = new List<float>();//数据结构----线性链表
- private Pen TablePen = new Pen(Color.FromArgb(0xff, 0xff, 0xff));//轴线颜色
- private Pen LinesPen = new Pen(Color.FromArgb(0xff, 0x00, 0x00));//波形颜色
- 波形网格图绘制:
- 波形的显示,我们采用绘制直线的方式,绘制网格图,使用Graphics对象的Drawline()方法.
- pubulic void Drawline(Pen pen,int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2);其中,pen对象是画线所用的画笔,它决定了线的颜色、宽度和样式;x1和y1的起点坐标,x2和y2的终点坐标;
- 绘制表格的代码如下:
- for (int i = 0; i <=10 ; i++)
- {
- e.Graphics.DrawLine(TablePen, StartPrint + i * Unit_length, StartPrint - 32, StartPrint + i * Unit_length, 7* Unit_length + 18);//画线
- gp.AddString((i * 10).ToString(), family, fontstyle, 18, new RectangleF(StartPrint + i * Unit_length - 7, 7 * Unit_length + 18 + 4, 400, 50), null);//添加文字
- }
- gp.AddString("时间", family, fontstyle, 18, new RectangleF(groupBox4.ClientRectangle.Width/2 - StartPrint, 7 * Unit_length+36, 400, 50), null);
- ////Draw X 横向轴绘制
- for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
- {
- e.Graphics.DrawLine(TablePen, StartPrint, i *Unit_length+18, StartPrint + 10 * Unit_length, i* Unit_length+18);//画线
- Str = Convert.ToString((7 - i) * 10);
- if (i == 0)
- Str = "70";
- if (i == 7)
- break;
- gp.AddString(Str, family, fontstyle, 18, new RectangleF(20, i * Unit_length+8, 400, 50), null);//添加文字
- }
- gp.AddString("温", family, fontstyle, 18, new RectangleF(0,groupBox4.ClientRectangle.Height/2-StartPrint, 400, 50), null);
- gp.AddString("度", family, fontstyle, 18, new RectangleF(0,groupBox4.ClientRectangle.Height /2+18-StartPrint, 400, 50), null);
- e.Graphics.DrawPath(Pens.White, gp);//写文字
- 画波形图代码:
- for (int i = 0; i < DataList.Count - 1; i++)
- {
- e.Graphics.DrawLine(LinesPen, StartPrint + i * 10, 7 * Unit_length + 18 - DataList[i]*5, StartPrint + (i+1) * 10, 7 * Unit_length + 18 - DataList[i + 1]*5);
- }
- 我们需要给线性链表datalist增加数据:
- void AddData(float Data)
- {
- DataList.Add(Data);
- groupBox4.Invalidate();
- }
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