单片机控制步进电机的仿真原理图如下（proteus仿真工程文件可到附件中下载）
单片机源程序如下:
- //数码管位 高位-----低位
- //四个按键控制步进电机：正转，反转，加1，减1
- //上电时电机启动，数码管上显示速度最小档1，加减档位均能通过数码管显示出来，电机采用单双八拍方式
- //电机转速一共10档，通过按键调节转速
- //电机正转时最高位数码管显示0，反转时显示1
- #include<reg51.h>
- #define uchar unsigned char
- #define uint unsigned int
- #define led P0//数码管段选
- #define haha P2
- sbit s1 = P1^0;
- sbit s2 = P1^1;
- sbit s3 = P3^0;
- sbit s4 = P3^1;
- sbit s5 = P3^2;//按键定义,s1正转，s2反转，s3加1，s4减1
- sbit wei3 = P2^3;sbit wei2 = P2^2;sbit wei1 = P2^1;sbit wei0 = P2^0;//数码管位选定义
- sbit a = P2^7;sbit b = P2^6;sbit c = P2^5;sbit d = P2^4;//脉冲信号输入端定义
- uchar code tab[11]={0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90,0xff};//共阳数码管驱动信号0---9，不显示
- uchar code time_counter[10][2]={{0xda,0x1c},{0xde,0xe4},{0xe1,0xec},{0xe5,0xd4},{0xe9,0xbc}, //9.7 ----1ms
- {0xed,0xa4},{0xf1,0x8c},{0xf5,0x74},{0xf9,0x5c},{0xfc,0x18}};
- uchar code qudong[8]={0x80,0xc0,0x40,0x60,0x20,0x30,0x10,0x90};
- uchar num1 = 0;//控制取励磁信号变量
- uchar num2 = 8;
- char k=0;//加减档位控制，1为最小档
- char pause=1;//暂停时保存之前的转速，开机默认1
- bit flag1 = 0;//初始正转，正反转标志
- uchar buf[4]={0,10,0,0};//数码管显示缓存，正转，不显示，不显示，显示1档位,高----低
- //================================定时器0/1初始化函数================================
- void T0_T1_init()
- {
- TMOD = 0x11;//定时器0/1均工作于方式1,16位计时方式
- TH1 = time_counter[k-1][0];
- TL1 = time_counter[k-1][1];//定时器1，定时10ms用于步进电机转速控制
- TR1 = 0;
- ET1= 1;//开定时器中断
- EA = 1;//开总中断
- }
- //================================ms级延时函数=======================================
- void delay1m(uint x)
- {
- uint i,j;
- for(i=0;i<x;i++) //连数x次，约 x ms
- for(j=0;j<120;j++); //数120 次，约1 ms
- }
- void display()
- {
- wei3=1;wei2=1;wei1=1;wei0=0;led = tab[buf[3]];delay1m(1);led=0xff;
- wei3=1;wei2=1;wei1=0;wei0=1;led = tab[buf[2]];delay1m(1);led=0xff;
- wei3=1;wei2=0;wei1=1;wei0=1;led = tab[buf[1]];delay1m(1);led=0xff;
- wei3=0;wei2=1;wei1=1;wei0=1;led = tab[buf[0]];delay1m(1);led=0xff;
- }
- //================================主函数=============================================
- void main()
- {
- T0_T1_init();
- buf[1] = 10;//不显示
- while(1)
- {
- display();
- if(s1 == 0)
- {
- delay1m(3);
- if(s1 == 0)
- {
- flag1 = 0;//正转
- buf[0] = 0;//最高位显示0
- // haha = 0x00;//停止
-
- }
- while(!s1) display();
- }
- if(s2 == 0 )
- {
-
- delay1m(3);
- if(s2 == 0)
- {
-
- flag1 = 1;//反转
- buf[0] = 1;//最高位显示1
- // haha = 0x00;//停止
- }
- while(!s2) display();
- }
- if(s3 == 0) //速度加1档
- {
- delay1m(3);
- if(s3 == 0)
- {
- k++;
- TR1=1;
- if(k > 10 )
- {
- k = 1;
- }
- buf[2]= k/10;
- buf[3]= k%10;
- }
- while(!s3) display();
- }
- if(s4 == 0) //速度减1档
- {
- delay1m(3);
- if(s4 == 0)
- {
- k--;
- TR1=1;
- if(k <= 0)
- {
- k = 10;
- }
- buf[2]= k/10;
- buf[3]= k%10;
- }
- while(!s4) display();
- }
- if(s5==0)
- {
- delay1m(3);
- if(s5==0)
- {
- if(TR1==1)
- {
- pause=k;
- k=0;
- TR1=0;
- a=b=c=d=0;
- }
- else if(TR1==0)
- {
- k=pause;
- TR1=1;
- }
- buf[2]= k/10;
- buf[3]= k%10;
- while(!s5) display();
- }
- }
- }
- }
- //==================================定时器1中断函数，用于脉冲频率控制=====================================
- void time1_interrupt()interrupt 3
- {
- static num1 = 0;
- static num2 = 0;
- TH1 = time_counter[k-1][0];
- TL1 = time_counter[k-1][1];//定时器1，定时1 用于步进电机转速控制
- if(flag1 == 0)//正转
- {
- switch(num1)
- {
- case 0:a = 1;b = 0;c = 0;d = 0;break;
- case 1:a = 1;b = 1;c = 0;d = 0;break;
- case 2:a = 0;b = 1;c = 0;d = 0;break;
- case 3:a = 0;b = 1;c = 1;d = 0;break;
- case 4:a = 0;b = 0;c = 1;d = 0;break;
- case 5:a = 0;b = 0;c = 1;d = 1;break;
- case 6:a = 0;b = 0;c = 0;d = 1;break;
- case 7:a = 1;b = 0;c = 0;d = 1;break;
- }
- num1++;
- ……………………
- …………限于本文篇幅 余下代码请从51黑下载附件…………
所有资料51hei提供下载:
单片机步进电机仿真.rar
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